Articles in press have been peer-reviewed and accepted, which are not yet assigned to volumes /issues, but are citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI).
Changes on Stroke Burden Attributable to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter in China
WANG Jing Yu, WANG Yan, LIANG Xiao Hua, HUANG Ke Yong, LIU Fang Chao, CHEN Shu Feng, LU Xiang Feng, LI Jian Xin
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.083
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  Objective  In recent decades, China has implemented a series of policies to address air pollution. We aimed to assess the health effects of these policies on stroke burden attributable to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5).  Methods  Joinpoint regression was applied to explore the temporal tendency of stroke burden based on data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study.  Results  The age-standardized rates of disability-adjusted life year (DALY) for stroke attributable to ambient PM2.5 in China, increased dramatically during 1990−2012, subsequently decreased at an annual percentage change (APC) of −1.98 (95% confidence interval [CI]: −2.26, −1.71) during 2012−2019. For ischemic stroke (IS), the age-standardized DALY rates doubled from 1990 to 2014, and decreased at an APC of −0.83 (95% CI: −1.33, −0.33) during 2014−2019. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) showed a substantial increase in age-standardized DALY rates from 1990 to 2003, followed by declining trends, with APCs of −1.46 (95% CI: −2.74, −0.16) during 2003−2007 and −3.33 (95% CI: −3.61, −3.06) during 2011−2019, respectively. Conversely, the age-standardized DALY rates for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) generally declined during 1990−2019.   Conclusion  Our results clarified the dynamic changes of the ambient PM2.5−attributable stroke burden in China during 1990−2019, highlighting the health effects of air quality improvement policies.
Multi-omics Approach Reveals Influenza-A Virus Target Genes Associated Genomic, Clinical and Immunological Characteristics in Cancers
WANG Jiao Jiao, LIAO Yong, YANG Ping Lian, YE Wei Le, LIU Yong, Xiao CHUN Xia, LIAO Wei Xiong, CHEN Chun Bo, LIU Zhi Ping, HUANG Zun Nan
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.094
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  Objective  To examine the precise function of influenza A virus target genes (IATGs) in malignancy.  Methods  Using multi-omics data from the TCGA and TCPA datasets, 33 tumor types were evaluated for IATGs. IATG expression in cancer cells was analyzed using transcriptome analysis. Copy number variation was assessed using GISTICS 2.0. Spearman’s analysis was used to correlate mRNA expression with methylation levels. GSEA was used for the enrichment analysis. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to examine the association between IATG mRNA expression and IC50. ImmuCellAI algorithm was used to calculate the 24 immune cell lines.  Results  In 13 solid tumors, IATG mRNA levels were atypically expressed. Except for UCS, UVM, KICH, PCPG, THCA, CHOL, LAMI, and MESO, most cancers contained somatic IATG mutations. The main copy number variants (CNV) types in IATGs are heterozygous amplifications and deletions. In most tumors, IATG mRNA expression is adversely associated with methylation. RT-PCR demonstrated that EGFR, ANXA5, CACNA1C, CD209, UVRAG were upregulated and CLEC4M was downregulated in KIRC cell lines, consistent with the TCGA and GTEx data.  Conclusion  Genomic changes and clinical characteristics of IATGs were identified, which may offer fresh perspectives linking the influenza A virus to cancer.
Sex Disparities in the Association of Blood pressure Parameters and Arterial Sclerosis Risk
ZHANG Dong Dong, CHEN Wei Ling, GU Min Qi, LI Xi, WU Yu Ying, FU Xue Ru, TANG Ping, HU Fu Lan, LI Jing, SUN Xi Zhuo, HU Dong Sheng, ZHANG Ming
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.093
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Epidemic Characteristics and Spatio-temporal Patterns of HFRS in Qingdao City, China, 2010–2022
LI Ying, LU Run Ze, DONG Li Yan, SUN Li Tao, ZHANG Zong Yi, ZHAO Ya Ting, DUAN Qing, ZHANG Li Jie, JIANG Fa Chun, JIA Jing, MA Hui Lai
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.092
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  Objective   This study investigated the epidemic characteristics and spatio-temporal dynamics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Qingdao City, China.  Methods   Information was collected on HFRS cases in Qingdao City from 2010 to 2022. Descriptive epidemiologic, seasonal decomposition, spatial autocorrelation, and spatio-temporal cluster analyses were performed.  Results   A total of 2,220 patients with HFRS were reported over the study period, with an average annual incidence of 1.89/100,000 and a case fatality rate of 2.52%. The male:female ratio was 2.8:1. 75.3% of patients were aged between 16 and 60 years old, 75.3% of patients were farmers, and 11.6% had both “three red” and “three pain” symptoms. The HFRS epidemic showed two-peak seasonality: the primary fall-winter peak and the minor spring peak. The HFRS epidemic presented highly spatially heterogeneous, street/township-level hot spots that were mostly distributed in Huangdao, Pingdu, and Jiaozhou. The spatio-temporal cluster analysis revealed three cluster areas in Qingdao City that were located in the south of Huangdao District during the fall-winter peak.  Conclusion   The distribution of HFRS in Qingdao exhibited periodic, seasonal, and regional characteristics, with High spatial clustering heterogeneity. The typical symptoms of “three red” and “three pain” in patients with HFRS were not obvious.
Lonicera Japonica Caulis Ameliorates LPS and TNF-α-Induced HT-29 Cell Injury by Inhibiting the MAPK/ERK/JNK/p38 Pathway
LU Han Xiu, YAN Wei, YUAN Xiao, KANG Yong Bo, LIU Zhong Jian, GUO Qiang
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.091
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The regulatory role and mechanism of circadian rhythm in hemoglobin co-cultured neurovascular unit
Fang Xue, Wenchao Chen, Xia Lian, Guanghui He, Jingyuan Tian, Yinghong Liu, Gaiqing Wang
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.090
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Cerebral hemorrhage, the second most prevalent subtype of stroke, exacerbates blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, leading to vasogenic edema, plasma protein extravasation, and infiltration of neurotoxic substances. The brain's clearance capacity plays a crucial role in maintaining BBB homeostasis and facilitating patient recovery post-hemorrhage. This study aims to investigate the impact of circadian rhythms on BBB function, neuronal damage, and clearance capabilities. A Neurovascular Unit (NVU) model was established through a four-cell co-culture of neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). Circadian rhythms were found to play a pivotal role in preserving BBB integrity, reducing oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage and apoptosis, and enhancing the phagocytic capabilities of microglial cells. The study underscores the potential circadian modulation of BBB integrity through key protein expressions, including Occludin, melatonin receptor 1A (MTNR1A), Aquaporin-4 (AQP4), and Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1). This comprehensive exploration of the NVU under circadian influence provides valuable insights into enhancing brain clearance abilities post-cerebral hemorrhage. The study emphasizes the significance of circadian regulation in neurological disorders, proposing potential therapeutic interventions and highlighting the importance of maintaining circadian rhythms for optimal brain health. The findings lay the foundation for future research targeting circadian-influenced mechanisms within the NVU to improve outcomes for patients post-cerebral hemorrhage.
Efficacy and Safety of Combined Bedaquiline and Delamanid Use among Patients with Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in Beijing, China
GUO Can, NIE Li Hui, SONG Yan Hua, LIU Rong Mei, WU Xiao Guang, SHANG Yuan Yuan, ZHANG Xu Xia, PANG Yu, GAO Meng Qiu
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.088
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  Objectives  The combined use of bedaquiline and delamanid (BDQ-DLM) is limited by an increased risk of prolonging the QTc interval. We retrospectively evaluated patients who received DLM/BDQ-containing regimens at a TB-specialized hospital. We aimed to present clinical efficacy and safety data for Chinese patients.  Methods  This case–control study included patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treated with BDQ alone or BDQ plus DLM.  Results  A total of 96 patients were included in this analysis: 64 in the BDQ group and 32 in the BDQ + DLM group. Among the 96 patients with positive sputum culture at the initiation of BDQ alone or BDQ combined with DLM, 46 patients (71.9%) in the BDQ group and 29 (90.6%) in the BDQ-DLM group achieved sputum culture conversion during treatment. The rate of sputum culture conversion did not differ between the two groups. The time to sputum culture conversion was significantly shorter in the BDQ-DLM group than in the BDQ group. The most frequent adverse event was QTc interval prolongation; however, the frequency of adverse events did not differ between the groups.  Conclusion  In conclusion, our results demonstrate that the combined use of BDQ and DLM is efficacious and tolerable in Chinese patients infected with MDR-TB. Patients in the BDQ-DLM group achieved sputum culture conversion sooner than those in the BDQ group.
SiO2 Induces Iron Overload and Ferroptosis in Cardiomyocytes in a Silicosis Mouse Model
WANG Yong Heng, LI Ning, GUAN Yi, LI Tong, ZHANG Yu Xiu, CAO Hong, YU Zhi Hua, LI Zhi Heng, LI Shuo Yan, HU Jia Hao, ZHOU Wen Xin, QIN Si Si, LI Shuang, YAO San Qiao
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.087
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Objective The aim of this study was to explore the role and mechanism of ferroptosis in SiO2-induced cardiac injury using a mouse model.Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were intratracheally instilled with SiO2 to create a silicosis model. Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and deferoxamine (DFO) were used to suppress ferroptosis. Serum biomarkers, oxidative stress markers, histopathology, iron content, and the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins were assessed.Results SiO2 altered serum cardiac injury biomarkers, oxidative stress, iron accumulation, and ferroptosis markers in myocardial tissue. Fer-1 and DFO reduced lipid peroxidation and iron overload, and alleviated SiO2-induced mitochondrial damage and myocardial injury. SiO2 inhibited Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its downstream antioxidant genes, while Fer-1 more potently reactivated Nrf2 compared to DFO.Conclusion Iron overload-induced ferroptosis contributes to SiO2-induced cardiac injury. Targeting ferroptosis by reducing iron accumulation or inhibiting lipid peroxidation protects against SiO2 cardiotoxicity, potentially via modulation of the Nrf2 pathway.
Effective Nucleic Acid Contamination Disinfection in Laboratory Settings using Ozone Gas
LONG Ying Yi, LIANG Lin Lin, ZHOU Xing Yan, REN Fei, WANG Lu, ZHANG Peng, WANG Jing
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.086
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Association Between Residential Greenness and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Adults in Rural Xinjiang, China: A Cross-sectional Study
JIAN Le Yao, YANG Bo, MA Ru Lin, GUO Shu Xia, HE Jia, LI Yu, DING Yu Song, RUI Dong Sheng, MAO Yi Dan, HE Xin, SUN Xue Ying, LIAO Sheng Yu, GUO Heng
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.085
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  Objective  This study aimed to explore the relationships between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors among rural adults in Xinjiang and thus provide a theoretical basis and data support for improving the health of residents in this region.  Methods  We recruited 9,723 adult rural residents from the 51st Regiment of the Third Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in September 2016. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was used to estimate residential greenness. The generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) was used to examine the association between residential greenness and cardiometabolic risk factors.  Results  Higher residential greenness was associated with lower cardiometabolic risk factor prevalence. After adjustments were made for age, sex, education, and marital status, for each interquartile range (IQR) increase of NDVI500-m, the risk of hypertension was reduced by 10.3% (OR = 0.897, 95% CI = 0.836–0.962), the risk of obesity by 20.5% (OR = 0.795, 95% CI = 0.695–0.910), the risk of type 2 diabetes by 15.1% (OR = 0.849, 95% CI = 0.740–0.974), and the risk of dyslipidemia by 10.5% (OR = 0.895, 95% CI = 0.825–0.971). Risk factor aggregation was reduced by 20.4% (OR = 0.796, 95% CI = 0.716–0.885) for the same. Stratified analysis showed that NDVI500-m was associated more strongly with hypertension, dyslipidemia, and risk factor aggregation among male participants. The association of NDVI500-m with type 2 diabetes was stronger among participants with a higher education level. PM10 and physical activity mediated 1.9%–9.2% of the associations between NDVI500-m and obesity, dyslipidemia, and risk factor aggregation.  Conclusion  Higher residential greenness has a protective effect against cardiometabolic risk factors among rural residents in Xinjiang. Increasing the area of green space around residences is an effective measure to reduce the burden of cardiometabolic-related diseases among rural residents in Xinjiang.
What Mice Can Teach Us about How to Stop Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Correct Chemotherapy Regimen and Patient Compliance are the Key
MOKROUSOV Igor, VINOGRADOVA Tatiana, DOGONADZE Marine, VITOVSKAYA Maria, ZABOLOTNYKH Natalia, CHEKRYGIN Sergei, VYAZOVAYA Anna
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.084
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Despite well-known limitations, mice remain useful as model animals to study tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis, the basic immune response, the extent of lung pathology as well as efficacy of new drugs against Mycobacterium tuberculosis[1,2]. There are four routes of tuberculosis infection in mice: aerosol generation and exposition, intravenous injection, intranasal administration, and subcutaneous administration[3], and the first two are the most commonly used. The low-dose aerosol model was found to best fit the dissemination of TB cases in the community while intravenous infection is useful to study strain virulence[4]. Intra-nasal and intra-tracheal inoculation techniques have a high degree of variability in the delivery of bacilli into the alveoli and the generation of an aerosol cloud of very small droplet nuclei containing the bacilli was shown to be the most reproducible method[1]. In the case of the intravenous tail injection, the administered doses are higher compared to the aerosol route. The intravenous infection leads to the initial infection established in the lungs followed by the dissemination of the bacteria through the body of the animal. The genetic background of mice plays an important role in susceptibility to the infection and further progression to disease. Intravenous infection can lead to a rapid development of disease and an increased animal lethality after 28 days of the infection but this concerns susceptible C3H/HeJ mice lineage and not resistant C57BL/6 lineage[5]. The latter is resistant to infection and develops severe pulmonary damage after a long period since intravenous infection, around 200 days. Therefore, this design is relevant to study the virulence and is appropriate for observation of the long-term therapy of multi-drug resistant (MDR) M. tuberculosis infection.
Secreted Frizzled-related Protein 5 Mediates Wnt5a Expression in Microcystin-leucine-arginine-induced Liver Lipid Metabolism Disorder in Mice
YANG Mei Yan, YU Fu Rong, JI Qian Qian, ZHANG Hui Ying, ZHANG Jia Xiang, CHEN Dao Jun
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.081
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  Objective  Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) exposure induces lipid metabolism disorders in the liver. Secreted frizzled-related protein 5(SFRP5)is a natural antagonist of winglesstype MMTV integration site family, member 5A (Wnt5a) and an anti-inflammatory adipocytokine. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether MC-LR can induce lipid metabolism disorders in hepatocytes and whether SFRP5, which has anti-inflammatory effects, can alleviate the effects of hepatic lipid metabolism by inhibiting the Wnt5a/Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway.  Methods  We exposed mice to MC-LR in vivo to induce liver lipid metabolism disorders. Subsequently, mouse hepatocytes that overexpressed SFRP5 or did not express SFRP5 were exposed to MC-LR, and the effects of SFRP5 overexpression on inflammation and Wnt5a/JNK activation by MC-LR were observed.  Results  MC-LR exposure induced liver lipid metabolism disorders in mice and significantly decreased SFRP5 mRNA and protein levels in a concentration-dependent manner. SFRP5 overexpression in AML12 cells suppressed MC-LR-induced inflammation. Overexpression of SFRP5 also inhibited Wnt5a and phosphorylation of JNK.  Conclusion  MC-LR can induce lipid metabolism disorders in mice, and SFRP5 can attenuate lipid metabolism disorders in the mouse liver by inhibiting Wnt5a/JNK signaling.
Serological Investigation into the Infected Genotypes of Patients with Japanese Encephalitis in the Coastal Provinces of China
ZHANG Wei Jia, ZHAO Jie Rong, YIN Qi Kai, LIU Sheng Hui, WANG Rui Chen, FU Shi Hong, LI Fan, HE Ying, NIE Kai, LIANG Guo Dong, XU Song Tao, YANG Guang, WANG Huan Yu
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.078
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  Objective   Genotypes (G) 1, 3, and 5 of the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) have been isolated in China, but the dominant genotype circulating in Chinese coastal areas remains unknown. We searched for G5 JEV-infected cases and attempted to elucidate which JEV genotype was most closely related to human Japanese encephalitis (JE) in the coastal provinces of China.  Methods   In this study, we collected serum specimens from patients with JE in three coastal provinces of China (Guangdong, Zhejiang, and Shandong) from 2018 to 2020 and conducted JEV cross-neutralization tests against G1, 3, and 5.  Results   Acute serum specimens from clinically reported JE cases were obtained for laboratory confirmation from hospitals in Shandong (92 patients), Zhejiang (192 patients), and Guangdong (77 patients), China, from 2018 to 2020. Seventy of the 361 serum specimens were laboratory-confirmed to be infected with JEV. Two cases were confirmed to be infected with G1 JEV, 32 with G3 JEV, and two with G5 JEV.  Conclusion   G3 was the primary infection genotype among JE cases with a definite infection genotype, and the infection caused by G5 JEV was confirmed serologically in China.
Health Risk Assessment of Employees Exposed to Chlorination By-Products of Recreational Water in Large Amusement Parks in Shanghai
CAO Wei Zhao, ZHENG Yi Ming, ZHAO Wen Xuan, SHI Li Sha, ZHANG Yun Hui, ZHANG Li Jun, CHEN Jian
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.082
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  Objective   Chlorination is often used to disinfect recreational water in large amusement parks; however, the health hazards of chlorination disinfection by-products (DBPs) to occupational populations are unknown. This study aimed to assess the exposure status of chlorinated DBPs in recreational water and the health risks to employees of large amusement parks.  Methods   Exposure parameters of employees of three large amusement parks in Shanghai were investigated using a questionnaire. Seven typical chlorinated DBPs in recreational water and spray samples were quantified by gas chromatography, and the health risks to amusement park employees exposed to chlorinated DBPs were evaluated according to the WHO's risk assessment framework.  Results   Trichloroacetic acid, dibromochloromethane, bromodichloromethane, and dichloroacetic acid were detected predominantly in recreational water. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of the five DBPs did not exceed the risk thresholds. In addition, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of mixed exposure to DBPs were within the acceptable risk limits.  Conclusion   Typical DBPs were widely detected in recreational water collected from three large amusement parks in Shanghai; however, the health risks of DBPs and their mixtures were within acceptable limits.
Projecting the Dynamic Trends of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Modeling the Epidemic in Sichuan Province, China
LI Yuan, LIU Qin Xi, LUAN Rong Sheng, YANG Yi, WU Tao, YANG Bi Hui
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.080
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  Objective  Our study aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the current status and dynamic trends of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence in Sichuan, the second most heavily affected province in China, and to explore future interventions.  Methods  The epidemiological, behavioral, and population census data from multiple sources were analyzed to extract inputs for an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Epidemic Model (AEM). Baseline curves, derived from historical trends in HIV prevalence, were used, and the AEM was employed to examine future intervention scenarios.  Results  In 2015, the modeled data suggested an adult HIV prevalence of 0.191% in Sichuan, with an estimated 128,766 people living with HIV/AIDS and 16,983 individuals with newly diagnosed infections. Considering current high-risk behaviors, the model predicts an increase in the adult prevalence to 0.306% by 2025, projecting an estimated 212,168 people living with HIV/AIDS and 16,555 individuals with newly diagnosed infections.  Conclusion  Heterosexual transmission will likely emerge as the primary mode of AIDS transmission in Sichuan. Furthermore, we anticipate a stabilization in the incidence of AIDS with a concurrent increase in prevalence. Implementing comprehensive intervention measures aimed at high-risk groups could effectively alleviate the spread of AIDS in Sichuan.
Genetic Variations and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Field Synopsis, Systematic Meta-Analysis, and Epidemiological Evidence
LI Ya Mei, XIAO Xiang, WANG Jie, LIU Yi Xu, PAN Xiong Feng, YU Hai Bin, LUO Jia You, LUO Mi Yang
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.079
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  Objective   To systematically summarize the published literature on the genetic variants associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).  Methods   Literature from Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase between January 1980 and September 2022 was systematically searched. Meta-analyses of the genetic variants were conducted using at least five data sources. The epidemiologic credibility of the significant associations was graded using the Venice criteria.  Results   Based on literature screening, 399 eligible studies were included, comprising 381 candidate gene association, 16 genome-wide association, and 2 whole-exome sequencing studies. We identified 465 genetic variants in 173 genes in candidate gene association studies, and 25 genetic variants in 17 genes were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis identified 11 variants in 10 genes that were significantly associated with NAFLD, with cumulative epidemiological evidence of an association graded as strong for two variants in two genes (HFE, TNF), moderate for four variants in three genes (TM6SF2, GCKR, and ADIPOQ), and weak for five variants in five genes (MBOAT7, PEMT, PNPLA3, LEPR, and MTHFR).  Conclusions   This study identified six variants in five genes that had moderate to strong evidence of an association with NAFLD, which may help understand the genetic architecture of NAFLD risk.
Impact of High Sodium Diet on Neovascularization and Osseointegration around Titanium Implant: An in Vivo and in Vitro Study
XU Ke Yuan, TANG XiaoTing, XIANG Yun, SHEN YiDing, DENG ZhenNan, MA PingPing, SHEN Xin Kun
In press  doi: 10.3967/bes2024.077
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  Objective   A high sodium (HS) diet is believed to affect bone metabolism processes. Clarifying its impact on osseointegration of titanium (Ti) implants holds significant implications for postoperative dietary management of implanted patients.  Methods   This investigation probed the impact of sodium ions (Na+) on neovascularization and osteogenesis around Ti implants in vivo, utilizing micro-computed tomography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemical analyses. Concurrently, in vitro experiments assessed the effects of varied Na+ concentrations and exposure durations on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and MC3T3-E1 cells.  Results   In vivo, increased dietary sodium (0.8%-6%) led to a substantial decline in CD34 positive HUVECs and new bone formation around Ti implants, alongside an increase in inflammatory cells. In vitro, an increase in Na+ concentration (140 mmol/L–150 mmol/L) adversely affected the proliferation, angiogenesis, and migration of HUVECs, especially with prolonged exposure. While MC3T3-E1 cells initially exhibited less susceptibility to high Na+ concentrations compared to HUVECs during short-term exposure, prolonged exposure to a HS environment progressively diminished their proliferation, differentiation, and osteogenic capabilities.  Conclusion   These findings suggest that HS diet had a negative effect on the early osseointegration of Ti implants by interfering with the process of postoperative vascularized bone regeneration.
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2024, 37(5).  
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Contents
2024-5 Contents
2024, 37(5): 1-2.  
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Original Article
A Comprehensive Study of the Association between LEPR Gene rs1137101 Variant and Risk of Digestive System Cancers
HU Wei Qiong, ZHOU Wei Guang, ZHOU Guang Wei, LIAO Jia Xi, SHI Jia Xing, XIE FengYang, LI Shou Heng, WANG Yong, FENG Xian Hong, GU Xiu Li, CHEN Bi Feng
2024, 37(5): 445-456.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.051
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  Objective   The leptin receptor, encoded by the LEPR gene, is involved in tumorigenesis. A potential functional variant of LEPR, rs1137101 (Gln223Arg), has been extensively investigated for its contribution to the risk of digestive system (DS) cancers, but results remain conflicting rather than conclusive. Here, we performed a case–control study and subsequent meta-analysis to examine the association between rs1137101 and DS cancer risk.  Methods   A total of 1,727 patients with cancer (gastric/liver/colorectal: 460/480/787) and 800 healthy controls were recruited. Genotyping of rs1137101 was conducted using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay and confirmed using Sanger sequencing. Twenty-four eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis.  Results   After Bonferroni correction, the case–control study revealed that rs1137101 was significantly associated with the risk of liver cancer in the Hubei Chinese population. The meta-analysis suggested that rs1137101 is significantly associated with the risk of overall DS, gastric, and liver cancer in the Chinese population.  Conclusion   The LEPR rs1137101 variant may be a genetic biomarker for susceptibility to DS cancers (especially liver and gastric cancer) in the Chinese population.
Clinicopathological Features and Long-Term Prognostic Role of Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 Low Expression in Chinese Patients with Early Breast Cancer: A Single-Institution Study
KONG Zi Qing, LIU Li Qun, HUANG De Qin, WANG Yu Tong, LI Jing Jie, ZHANG Zheng, WANG Xi Xi, LIU Chuan Ling, ZHANG Ya Di, SHAO Jia Kang, ZHU Yi Min, CHEN Yi Meng, LIU Mei, ZHAO Wei Hong
2024, 37(5): 457-470.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.014
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  Objective   This study aimed to comprehensively analyze and compare the clinicopathological features and prognosis of Chinese patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low early breast cancer (BC) and HER2-IHC0 BC.  Methods   Patients diagnosed with HER2-negative BC (N = 999) at our institution between January 2011 and December 2015 formed our study population. Clinicopathological characteristics, association between estrogen receptor (ER) expression and HER2-low, and evolution of HER2 immunohistochemical (IHC) score were assessed. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare the long-term survival outcomes (5-year follow-up) between the HER2-IHC0 and HER2-low groups.  Results   HER2-low BC group tended to demonstrate high expression of ER and more progesterone receptor (PgR) positivity than HER2-IHC0 BC group (P < 0.001). The rate of HER2-low status increased with increasing ER expression levels (Mantel-Haenszel χ2 test, P < 0.001, Pearson’s R = 0.159, P < 0.001). Survival analysis revealed a significantly longer overall survival (OS) in HER2-low BC group than in HER2-IHC0 group (P = 0.007) in the whole cohort and the hormone receptor (HR)-negative group. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of disease-free survival (DFS). The discordance rate of HER2 IHC scores between primary and metastatic sites was 36.84%.  Conclusion   HER2-low BC may not be regarded as a unique BC group in this population-based study due to similar clinicopathological features and prognostic roles.
Association of Human Whole-blood NAD+ Levels with Nabothian Cyst
XU Ling, WANG Yue Xuan, WANG Wei, FAN Xue, CHEN Xue Yu, ZHOU Tian Yun, LIU Yu He, YU Ye, YANG Fan, JU Zhen Yu, ZHOU Yong, WANG Deng Liang
2024, 37(5): 471-478.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.052
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  Objective  Little is known about the association between whole-blood nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels and nabothian cysts. This study aimed to assess the association between NAD+ levels and nabothian cysts in healthy Chinese women.  Methods  Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the association between NAD+ levels and nabothian cysts.  Results  The mean age was 43.0 ± 11.5 years, and the mean level of NAD+ was 31.3 ± 5.3 μmol/L. Nabothian cysts occurred in 184 (27.7%) participants, with single and multiple cysts in 100 (15.0%) and 84 (12.6%) participants, respectively. The total nabothian cyst prevalence gradually decreased from 37.4% to 21.6% from Q1 to Q4 of NAD+ and the prevalence of single and multiple nabothian cysts also decreased across the NAD+ quartiles. As compared with the highest NAD+ quartile (≥ 34.4 μmol/L), the adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence interval of the NAD+ Q1 was 1.89 (1.14–3.14) for total nabothian cysts. The risk of total and single nabothian cysts linearly decreased with increasing NAD+ levels, while the risk of multiple nabothian cysts decreased more rapidly at NAD+ levels of 28.0 to 35.0 μmol/L.  Conclusion:   Low NAD+ levels were associated with an increased risk of total and multiple nabothian cysts.
Changes in the Non-targeted Metabolomic Profile of Three-year-old Toddlers with Elevated Exposure to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
LI Yang, LIN Dan, ZHANG Xiu Qin, JU Guang Xiu, SU Ya, ZHANG Qian, DUAN Hai Ping, YU Wei Sen, WANG Bing Ling, PANG Shu Tao
2024, 37(5): 479-493.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.053
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  Objective  To investigate changes in the urinary metabolite profiles of children exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during critical brain development and explore their potential link with the intestinal microbiota.  Methods  Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to determine ten hydroxyl metabolites of PAHs (OH-PAHs) in 36-month-old children. Subsequently, 37 children were categorized into low- and high-exposure groups based on the sum of the ten OH-PAHs. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to identify non-targeted metabolites in the urine samples. Furthermore, fecal flora abundance was assessed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing using Illumina MiSeq.  Results  The concentrations of 21 metabolites were significantly higher in the high exposure group than in the low exposure group (variable importance for projection > 1, P < 0.05). Most of these metabolites were positively correlated with the hydroxyl metabolites of naphthalene, fluorine, and phenanthrene (r = 0.336–0.531). The identified differential metabolites primarily belonged to pathways associated with inflammation or proinflammatory states, including amino acid, lipid, and nucleotide metabolism. Additionally, these distinct metabolites were significantly associated with specific intestinal flora abundances (r = 0.34–0.55), which were mainly involved in neurodevelopment.  Conclusion  Higher PAH exposure in young children affected metabolic homeostasis, particularly that of certain gut microbiota-derived metabolites. Further investigation is needed to explore the potential influence of PAHs on the gut microbiota and their possible association with neurodevelopmental outcomes.
Association of Cytokines with Clinical Indicators in Patients with Drug-Induced Liver Injury
CAO Wei Hua, JIANG Ting Ting, SHEN Ge, DENG Wen, WANG Shi Yu, ZHANG Zi Yu, LI Xin Xin, LU Yao, ZHANG Lu, LIU Ru Yu, CHANG Min, WU Shu Ling, GAO Yuan Jiao, HAO Hong Xiao, CHEN Xiao Xue, HU Lei Ping, XU Meng Jiao, YI Wei, XIE Yao, LI Ming Hui
2024, 37(5): 494-502.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.054
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  Objective  To explore characteristics of clinical parameters and cytokines in patients with drug-induced liver injury (DILI) caused by different drugs and their correlation with clinical indicators.  Method  The study was conducted on patients who were up to Review of Uncertainties in Confidence Assessment for Medical Tests (RUCAM) scoring criteria and clinically diagnosed with DILI. Based on Chinese herbal medicine, cardiovascular drugs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), anti-infective drugs, and other drugs, patients were divided into five groups. Cytokines were measured by Luminex technology. Baseline characteristics of clinical biochemical indicators and cytokines in DILI patients and their correlation were analyzed.  Results  73 patients were enrolled. Age among five groups was statistically different (P = 0.032). Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P = 0.033) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P = 0.007) in NSAIDs group were higher than those in chinese herbal medicine group. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in patients with Chinese herbal medicine (IL-6: P < 0.001; TNF-α: P < 0.001) and cardiovascular medicine (IL-6: P = 0.020; TNF-α: P = 0.001) were lower than those in NSAIDs group. There was a positive correlation between ALT (r = 0.697, P = 0.025), AST (r = 0.721, P = 0.019), and IL-6 in NSAIDs group.  Conclusion  Older age may be more prone to DILI. Patients with NSAIDs have more severe liver damage in early stages of DILI, TNF-α and IL-6 may partake the inflammatory process of DILI.
Microdeletion on Xq27.1 in a Chinese VACTERL-Like Family with Kidney and Anal Anomalies
LI Min, ZHANG Yu Lan, ZHANG Kai Li, LI Ping Ping, LYU Yu Han, LIANG Ya Xin, YU Yue
2024, 37(5): 503-510.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.055
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  Objective   VATER/VACTERL-like association is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Genetic evidence of this disorder is sporadic. In this study, we aimed to provide genetic insights to improve the diagnosis of VACTERL.   Methods   We have described a Chinese family in which four members were affected by renal defects or agenesis, anal atresia, and anovaginal fistula, which is consistent with the diagnosis of a VACTERL-like association. Pedigree and genetic analyses were conducted using genome and exome sequencing.   Results   Segregation analysis revealed the presence of a recessive X-linked microdeletion in two living affected individuals, harboring a 196–380 kb microdeletion on Xq27.1, which was identified by familial exome sequencing. Genome sequencing was performed on the affected male, confirming a -196 kb microdeletion in Xq27.1, which included a 28% loss of the CDR-1 gene. Four family members were included in the co-segregation analysis, and only VACTERL-like cases with microdeletions were reported in X27.1.  Conclusion   These results suggest that the 196–380 kb microdeletion in Xq27.1 could be a possible cause of the VATER/VACTERL-like association. However, further genetic and functional analyses are required to confirm or rule out genetic background as the definitive cause of the VACTERL association.
Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression in Assessing Dengue Fever Spread Factors in YunnanBorder Regions
ZHU Xiao Xiang, WANG Song Wang, LI Yan Fei, ZHANG Ye Wu, SU Xue Mei, ZHAO Xiao Tao
2024, 37(5): 511-520.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.056
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  Objective  This study employs the Geographically and Temporally Weighted Regression (GTWR) model to assess the impact of meteorological elements and imported cases on dengue fever outbreaks, emphasizing the spatial-temporal variability of these factors in border regions.  Methods  We conducted a descriptive analysis of dengue fever’s temporal-spatial distribution in Yunnan border areas. Utilizing annual data from 2013 to 2019, with each county in the Yunnan border serving as a spatial unit, we constructed a GTWR model to investigate the determinants of dengue fever and their spatio-temporal heterogeneity in this region.  Results  The GTWR model, proving more effective than Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) analysis, identified significant spatial and temporal heterogeneity in factors influencing dengue fever’s spread along the Yunnan border. Notably, the GTWR model revealed a substantial variation in the relationship between indigenous dengue fever incidence, meteorological variables, and imported cases across different counties.  Conclusion  In the Yunnan border areas, local dengue incidence is affected by temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind speed, and imported cases, with these factors’ influence exhibiting notable spatial and temporal variation.
Letter to the Editor
Identification of Key Blood Biomarkers Linking Di (2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate and Autoimmune Diseases in Adolescents Mice
XU Xiao Mei, LI Xiao Lu, HU Die, CAI Xiao Yue, LI Qi Meng, ZHENG Yuan Zhuo, CAI Yang, QI Yin Yin, XU Tao, ZHAO Ling Li, NING Xia
2024, 37(5): 521-525.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.057
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Network Pharmacology and Experimental Study of Momordicine I and Momordicine II from Bitter Melon Saponins in Inhibiting Fat Accumulation
HUANG Shi Ting, LI Shang Yuan, LI Xin Yu, ZHU Ying, ZHU Lin, ZHANG Jia Yan, ZHAO Yan Sheng, DAGLIA Maria, XIAO Xiang, BAI Juan
2024, 37(5): 526-530.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.058
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Insufficient Physical Activity among Students Aged 6–17 Years in China, 2016–2017
XUE Tao Tao, GAO Xing Xing, WANG Li Min, ZHANG Xiao, ZHAO Zhen Ping, LI Chun, NYASHA Grace Mudoti, LIU Chen Yi, ZHANG Mei
2024, 37(5): 531-536.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.059
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Short-term Association of Meteorological Elements on COVID-19 Pandemic in a Semi-arid City of Northwest China, 2021–2022
FENG Feng Liu, MA Yu Xia, CHENG Bo Wen, LIU Zong Rui, ZHAO Yu Han, YANG Jie
2024, 37(5): 537-542.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.060
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Molecular Characterization of Coxsackievirus B1 Strains Isolated from Patients with Hand Foot and Mouth Disease in Yunnan, Southwest China
XU Dan Han, ZHANG Ming, CHEN Jun Wei, Feng Chang Zeng, LIU Yu Han, CHU Zhao Yang, LIU Wen Jing, LI Li, MA Shao Hui
2024, 37(5): 543-548.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.061
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Standard
Standards of Basic Dataset of Chronic Disease Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance in Adults
2024, 37(5): 549-550.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.062
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Interpretation of the Standards of Basic Dataset of Chronic Diseases Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance in Adults
ZHAO Yan Fang, ZHANG Mei, WEI Wen Qiang, SUN Ke Xin, LI Xin Hua, WANG Li Min
2024, 37(5): 551-556.   doi: 10.3967/bes2022.063
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News
The 10th China Obesity Science Conference Held in Beijing
2024, 37(5): 557-557.   doi: 10.3967/bes2024.089
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Bone Injury and Fracture Healing Biology
Ahmad Oryan, Somayeh Monazzah, Amin Bigham-Sadegh
2015, 28(1): 57-71.   doi: 10.3967/bes2015.006
[Abstract](10102) [PDF 3875KB](4253)
Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China 2021: An Updated Summary
The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China
2022, 35(7): 573-603.   doi: 10.3967/bes2022.079
[Abstract](11122) [FullText HTML](5253) [PDF 2336KB](5253)
The Serum Exosome Derived MicroRNA-135a, -193b, and-384 Were Potential Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers
YANG Ting Ting, LIU Chen Geng, GAO Shi Chao, ZHANG Yi, WANG Pei Chang
2018, 31(2): 87-96.   doi: 10.3967/bes2018.011
[Abstract](7547) [FullText HTML](2527) [PDF 11333KB](2527)
Burden of Cirrhosis and Other Chronic Liver Diseases Caused by Specific Etiologies in China, 1990−2016: Findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
LI Man, WANG Zhuo Qun, ZHANG Lu, ZHENG Hao, LIU Dian Wu, ZHOU Mai Geng
2020, 33(1): 1-10.   doi: 10.3967/bes2020.001
[Abstract](7973) [FullText HTML](2780) [PDF 2552KB](2780)
Effects of Short-Term Forest Bathing on Human Health in a Broad-Leaved Evergreen Forest in Zhejiang Province, China
MAO Gen Xiang, LAN Xiao Guang, CAO Yong Bao, CHEN Zhuo Mei, HE Zhi Hua, LV Yuan Dong, WANG Ya Zhen, HU Xi Lian, WANG Guo Fu, YAN Jing
2012, 25(3): 317-324.   doi: 10.3967/0895-3988.2012.03.010
[Abstract](5319) [PDF 528KB](2146)
Trends in Lipids Level and Dyslipidemia among Chinese Adults, 2002-2015
SONG Peng Kun, MAN Qing Qing, LI Hong, PANG Shao Jie, JIA Shan Shan, LI Yu Qian, HE Li, ZHAO Wen Hua, ZHANG Jian
2019, 32(8): 559-570.   doi: 10.3967/bes2019.074
[Abstract](5536) [FullText HTML](1863) [PDF 3641KB](1863)
Stability of SARS Coronavirus in Human Specimens and Environment and Its Sensitivity to Heating and UV Irradiation
SHU-MING DUAN, Xin-sheng Zhao, RUI-FU WEN, JING-JING HUANG, GUO-HUA PI, SU-XIANG ZHANG, JUN HAN, SHENG-LI BI, LI RUAN, XIAO-PING DONG, SARS RESEARCH TEAM
2003, 16(3): 246-255.  
[Abstract](6940) [PDF 610KB](1663)
Protein Requirements in Healthy Adults:A Meta-analysis of Nitrogen Balance Studies
LI Min, SUN Feng, PIAO Jian Hua, YANG Xiao Guang
2014, 27(8): 606-613.   doi: 10.3967/bes2014.093
[Abstract](3997) [PDF 8784KB](1525)
Metabolomic Profiling Differences among Asthma, COPD, and Healthy Subjects: A LC-MS-based Metabolomic Analysis
LIANG Ying, GAI Xiao Yan, CHANG Chun, ZHANG Xu, WANG Juan, LI Ting Ting
2019, 32(9): 659-672.   doi: 10.3967/bes2019.085
[Abstract](4808) [FullText HTML](1373) [PDF 2914KB](1373)
Evaluating the Nutritional Status of Oncology Patientsand Its Association with Quality of Life
ZHANG Ya Hui, XIE Fang Yi, CHEN Ya Wen, WANG Hai Xia, TIAN Wen Xia, SUN Wen Guang, WU Jing
2018, 31(9): 637-644.   doi: 10.3967/bes2018.088
[Abstract](5410) [FullText HTML](1472) [PDF 31943KB](1472)
TaqMan Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Detecting and Differentiating Japanese Encephalitis Virus
SHAO Nan, LI Fan, NIE Kai, FU Shi Hong, ZHANG Wei Jia, HE Ying, LEI Wen Wen, WANG Qian Ying, LIANG Guo Dong, CAO Yu Xi, WANG Huan Yu
2018, 31(3): 208-214.   doi: 10.3967/bes2018.026
[Abstract](4007) [FullText HTML](1518) [PDF 4691KB](1518)
Supplementation of Fermented Barley Extracts with Lactobacillus Plantarum dy-1 Inhibits Obesity via a UCP1-dependent Mechanism
XIAO Xiang, BAI Juan, LI Ming Song, ZHANG Jia Yan, SUN Xin Juan, DONG Ying
2019, 32(8): 578-591.   doi: 10.3967/bes2019.076
[Abstract](4636) [FullText HTML](1089) [PDF 9101KB](1089)
Health Effect of Forest Bathing Trip on Elderly Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
JIA Bing Bing, YANG Zhou Xin, MAO Gen Xiang, LYU Yuan Dong, WEN Xiao Lin, XU Wei Hong, LYU XIAO Ling
2016, 29(3): 212-218.   doi: 10.3967/bes2016.026
[Abstract](2552) [PDF 803KB](977)
Evidence on Invasion of Blood, Adipose Tissues, Nervous System and Reproductive System of Mice After a Single Oral Exposure: Nanoplastics versus Microplastics
YANG Zuo Sen, BAI Ying Long, JIN Cui Hong, NA Jun, ZHANG Rui, GAO Yuan, PAN Guo Wei, YAN Ling Jun, SUN Wei
2022, 35(11): 1025-1037.   doi: 10.3967/bes2022.131
[Abstract](2170) [FullText HTML](1029) [PDF 10064KB](1029)
Application of Nanopore Sequencing Technology in the Clinical Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases
ZHANG Lu Lu, ZHANG Chi, PENG Jun Ping
2022, 35(5): 381-392.   doi: 10.3967/bes2022.054
[Abstract](2559) [FullText HTML](1314) [PDF 2174KB](1314)
Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China 2022: an Updated Summary
The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China
2023, 36(8): 669-701.   doi: 10.3967/bes2023.106
[Abstract](3111) [FullText HTML](1513) [PDF 1561KB](1513)
Protective Effect of Angiotensin (1-7) on Silicotic Fibrosis in Rats
ZHANG Bo Nan, XU Hong, GAO Xue Min, ZHANG Gui Zhen, ZHANG Xin, YANG Fang
2019, 32(6): 419-426.   doi: 10.3967/bes2019.057
[Abstract](3470) [PDF 1328KB](924)
The Emergence, Epidemiology, and Etiology of Haff Disease
PEI Pei, LI Xiao Yan, LU Shuang Shuang, LIU Zhe, WANG Rui, LU Xuan Cheng, LU Kai
2019, 32(10): 769-778.   doi: 10.3967/bes2019.096
[Abstract](4505) [FullText HTML](1844) [PDF 2249KB](1844)
Hypertension Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control and Their Associated Socioeconomic Factors in China: A Spatial Analysis of A National Representative Survey
WANG Wei, ZHANG Mei, XU Cheng Dong, YE Peng Peng, LIU Yun Ning, HUANG Zheng Jing, HU Cai Hong, ZHANG Xiao, ZHAO Zhen Ping, LI Chun, CHEN Xiao Rong, WANG Li Min, ZHOU Mai Geng
2021, 34(12): 937-951.   doi: 10.3967/bes2021.130
[Abstract](2437) [FullText HTML](1164) [PDF 2205KB](1164)
Mutual Impact of Diabetes Mellitus and Tuberculosis in China
CHENG Jun, ZHANG Hui, ZHAO Yan Lin, WANG Li Xia, CHEN Ming Ting
2017, 30(5): 384-389.   doi: 10.3967/bes2017.051
[Abstract](3829) [FullText HTML](1298) [PDF 671KB](1298)

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Vol 37, No 5

(May, 2024)

ISSN 0895-3988

CN 11-2816/Q

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